Total Synthesis of (3R,3′R,6′R)-Lutein and Its Stereoisomers

(3R,3′R,6′R)-Lutein (1) is a major dietary carotenoid that is abundant in most fruits and vegetables commonly consumed in the U.S. and that accumulates in the human plasma, major organs, and ocular tissues. Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies have shown that 1 has important biological activities and may play an important role in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A relatively straightforward methodology for the total synthesis of 1 and three of its stereoisomers has been developed. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/jo900432r

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